terça-feira, 30 de abril de 2013

AToM – Ethernet sobre MPLS com ligação de interface

O Any Transport over MPLS (AToM) é uma solução usada para transportar pacotes L2 através de um backbone MPLS. O AToM permite a conectividade entre os sites dos clientes com suas tecnologias L2 existentes através da infraestrutura de rede baseada em pacote.
Com a tecnologia AToM o aprovisionamento e a conectividade são diretas. Um cliente usando Ethernet num edifício ou campus em um local pode se conectar por meio de um provedor via Ethernet sobre MPLS a clientes em locais remotos.
AToM estabelece um quadro comum para encapsular e transportar trafegos Layer 2 sobre a rede MPLS. Os provedores podem usar uma infra-estrutura única MPLS para oferecer aos clientes a conectividade Layer 2.
O AToM suporta os tipos de transporte abaixo:
      ATM AAL5 over MPLS
      ATM Cell Relay over MPLS
      Ethernet VLAN over MPLS
      Frame Relay over MPLS
      PPP over MPLS
      HDLC over MPLS

Ethernet over MPLS

O transporte do L2 funciona através do encapsulamento Ethernet PDUs em pacotes MPLS e encaminha-os através da rede MPLS. Cada PDU é transportado como um único pacote. As seguintes etapas descrevem o processo de encapsular o PDU.

Ingress PE Router

      O PE de entrada recebe o PDU e remove o preamble, o delimitador do frame (SFD), e o frame check sequence (FCS). O resto do cabeçalho permanece o mesmo.
      O PE copia o codigo de controle do cabeçalho, mesmo que não seja usado, adiciona um label VC e um label do túnel LSP para o roteamento normal do MPLS através do backbone. A rede roteia os dados usando o tunnel LSP convencional do MPLS sem distinguir o tipo de tráfego.

 

Egress PE Router

      O PE de destino recebe o pacote e remote o label do LSP, caso exista (Penultimo geralmente retira), retira o label de controle e o label do VOCÊ;
      O PE atualiza o cabeçalho se necessário e envia o pacote para o CE associado.


Cenário

Objetivo

Cinco roteadores (CE1, PE1, P, PE2 e CE2) são conectados formando um backbone com 3 roteadores e dois CEs conectados. Pede-se:
      O protocolo de roteamento de backbone PE1-P-PE2 deverá ser o OSPF na área 0 com todas as interfaces divulgadas e com LDP entre os PEs para tráfego MPLS;
      O CE1 e o CE2 e deverão se comunicar via o backbone usando túnel AToM.

 

Topologia

 

IOS utilizados

      CE1, PE1, P, PE2 e CE2 – c7200-k91p-mz.122-25.S15.bin

 

Configuração dos Roteadores

 Configurações do OSPF do Backbone

Em todos os roteadores configura-se o roteamento OSPF pelo comando “router ospf ” onde o “processo” é um numero do processo OSPF. O roteador também possui um router ID único que geralmente é a interface loopback ou então o maior endereço IP do roteador.
Para adicionar interfaces deve-se usar o comando “network área”. Um roteador pode ter interfaces em áreas distintas, define-se cada área pelo comando network e o tipo da área com o comando “area [type]”.

 

Configurações do MPLS

Antes de qualquer configuração, o Cisco Express forwarding deve ser habilitado com o comando “ip cef”. Para habilitar o MPLS no modo LDP, usa-se o comando global “mpls label protocol ldp”.
Para habilitar o MPLS nas interfaces, configura-se “mpls ip”.

 

Configuração do Túnel AToM

O tunnel L2 AToM é configurado na interface do PE conectada diretamente ao CE com o comando “xconnect encapsulation mpls”. O ID do VOCÊ tem que ser o mesmo nos dois PEs.

 

Observações e Bugs

 

Comandos Importantes de Verificação

PE1#sh xconnect all detail
Legend: XC ST=Xconnect State, S1=Segment1 State, S2=Segment2 State
UP=Up, DN=Down, AD=Admin Down, IA=Inactive, NH=No Hardware
XC ST  Segment 1                         S1 Segment 2                         S2
------+---------------------------------+--+---------------------------------+--
UP     ac   Fa1/0(Ethernet)              UP mpls 2.2.2.2:100                  UP
            Interworking: none                   pw-class:              

CE1#sh cdp nei
Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge
                  S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID            Local Intrfce         Holdtme   Capability    Platform   Port ID
CE2                 Fas 1/0               135            R        7206VXR   Fas 1/0


 

Configuração

 

CE1

!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
!

 

 PE1

!
ip cef
!
mpls label protocol ldp
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 xconnect 2.2.2.2 100 encapsulation mpls
!
interface FastEthernet2/0
 ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
 mpls ip
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 13.13.13.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
!

 

P

!
ip cef
!
mpls label protocol ldp
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 13.13.13.3 255.255.255.0
 mpls ip
!
interface FastEthernet2/0
 ip address 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
 mpls ip
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 13.13.13.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 23.23.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
!

 

 PE2

!
ip cef
!
mpls label protocol ldp
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 xconnect 1.1.1.1 100 encapsulation mpls
!
interface FastEthernet2/0
 ip address 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
 mpls ip
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 23.23.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
!

 

CE2

!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
!

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