Com a tecnologia AToM o aprovisionamento e a
conectividade são diretas. Um cliente usando Ethernet num edifício ou campus em
um local pode se conectar por meio de um provedor via Ethernet sobre MPLS a
clientes em locais remotos.
AToM estabelece um quadro comum para encapsular
e transportar trafegos Layer 2 sobre a rede MPLS. Os provedores podem usar uma
infra-estrutura única MPLS para oferecer aos clientes a conectividade Layer 2.
O AToM suporta os tipos de transporte abaixo:
•
ATM AAL5 over MPLS
•
ATM Cell Relay over MPLS
•
Ethernet VLAN over MPLS
•
Frame Relay over MPLS
•
PPP over MPLS
•
HDLC over MPLS
Ethernet over MPLS
O transporte do L2 funciona através do
encapsulamento Ethernet PDUs em pacotes MPLS e encaminha-os através da rede
MPLS. Cada PDU é transportado como um único pacote. As seguintes etapas
descrevem o processo de encapsular o PDU.
Ingress PE Router
•
O PE de entrada recebe o PDU e remove o preamble,
o delimitador do frame (SFD), e o frame check sequence (FCS). O resto do
cabeçalho permanece o mesmo.
•
O PE copia o codigo de controle do cabeçalho,
mesmo que não seja usado, adiciona um label VC e um label do túnel LSP para o
roteamento normal do MPLS através do backbone. A rede roteia os dados usando o
tunnel LSP convencional do MPLS sem distinguir o tipo de tráfego.
Egress PE Router
•
O PE de destino recebe o pacote e remote o label
do LSP, caso exista (Penultimo geralmente retira), retira o label de controle e
o label do VOCÊ;
•
O PE atualiza o cabeçalho se necessário e envia
o pacote para o CE associado.
Cenário
Objetivo
Cinco
roteadores (CE1, PE1, P, PE2 e CE2) são conectados formando um backbone com 3
roteadores e dois CEs conectados. Pede-se:
• O
protocolo de roteamento de backbone PE1-P-PE2 deverá ser o OSPF na área 0 com
todas as interfaces divulgadas e com LDP entre os PEs para tráfego MPLS;
• O
CE1 e o CE2 e deverão se comunicar via o backbone usando túnel AToM.
Topologia
IOS utilizados
• CE1,
PE1, P, PE2 e CE2 – c7200-k91p-mz.122-25.S15.bin
Configuração dos Roteadores
Configurações do OSPF do Backbone
Em todos os roteadores configura-se o
roteamento OSPF pelo comando “router
ospf
Para adicionar interfaces deve-se usar o
comando “network área ”. Um roteador pode ter interfaces
em áreas distintas, define-se cada área pelo comando network e o tipo da área
com o comando “area [type] ”.
Configurações do MPLS
Antes de qualquer configuração, o Cisco Express
forwarding deve ser habilitado com o comando “ip cef”. Para habilitar o MPLS no modo LDP, usa-se o comando global
“mpls label protocol ldp”.
Para habilitar o MPLS nas interfaces,
configura-se “mpls ip”.
Configuração do Túnel AToM
O tunnel L2 AToM é configurado na interface do
PE conectada diretamente ao CE com o comando “xconnect encapsulation mpls ”.
O ID do VOCÊ tem que ser o mesmo nos dois PEs.
Observações e Bugs
Comandos Importantes de Verificação
PE1#sh
xconnect all detail
Legend:
XC ST=Xconnect State, S1=Segment1 State, S2=Segment2
State
UP=Up,
DN=Down, AD=Admin Down, IA=Inactive, NH=No Hardware
XC
ST Segment 1 S1 Segment 2 S2
------+---------------------------------+--+---------------------------------+--
UP ac
Fa1/0(Ethernet) UP mpls 2.2.2.2:100 UP
Interworking: none pw-class:
CE1#sh cdp nei
Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge,
B - Source Route Bridge
S - Switch, H - Host, I -
IGMP, r - Repeater
Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability
Platform Port ID
CE2 Fas 1/0 135 R 7206VXR
Fas 1/0
Configuração
CE1
!
interface
FastEthernet1/0
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
PE1
!
ip cef
!
mpls
label protocol ldp
!
!
interface
Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface
FastEthernet1/0
xconnect 2.2.2.2 100
encapsulation mpls
!
interface
FastEthernet2/0
ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
mpls ip
!
router
ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 13.13.13.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
P
!
ip cef
!
mpls
label protocol ldp
!
!
interface
Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface
FastEthernet1/0
ip address 13.13.13.3 255.255.255.0
mpls ip
!
interface
FastEthernet2/0
ip address 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
mpls ip
!
router
ospf 1
router-id 3.3.3.3
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 13.13.13.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 23.23.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
PE2
!
ip cef
!
mpls
label protocol ldp
!
!
interface
Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface
FastEthernet1/0
xconnect 1.1.1.1 100
encapsulation mpls
!
interface
FastEthernet2/0
ip address 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
mpls ip
!
router
ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 23.23.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
CE2
!
interface
FastEthernet1/0
ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
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